Astronomers find ‘time machine’ star offering glimpse of dawn of universe – Yahoo News UK
Astronomers find ‘time machine’ star offering glimpse of dawn of universe
Good IB HL / SL Physics sites
For interactive simulations, this is a great site:
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives
Here is a screenshot of a simulation of a standing wave.
An example of one of their simulations is here:
There are excellent sites for reviewing notes and to give an overview of which topics are covered.
And finally, there is this site giving worksheets by topic:
https://www.andrews.edu/~rwright/physics/worksheets/phyws.php
Enjoy!
What to look for in a tutor
I have been tutoring privately since 2013 and teaching mathematics and physics since 1996. I have tutored well in excess of 100 students since I started and have covered all manner of syllabi in both subjects. I have taught GCSE, IGCSE, A-level, Pre-U, International Baccalaureate as well as AP Calculus AB (the American syllabus).
In my experience, the most important factor which is overlooked is the tutor’s subject knowledge. A close second is the tutor’s enthusiasm and ability to motivate the student. If I am not totally familiar with a syllabus, all the information that I need is available online. But if I don’t understand the topics covered, it is not going to be much use even if I know the syllabus inside out. All maths and physics syllabi share a large amount of common material. You can be sure that 80% of the material is the same.
Online tuition
More and more tutors are providing online tuition these days. I use a digital pen and an interactive whiteboard. Notes that I write are displayed on a shared screen and the student can also interact via this learning space. Documents in jpeg or pdf format may easily be uploaded. All that is needed is a stable internet connection at both ends. There are so many resources on the internet to enhance any lesson. I give about 50% of my lessons online and it is very convenient. Lesson notes may be retrieved at any time.
One factor in choosing online tuition is the lack of availability of good local tutors, if the student lives in a remote area or if you simply want convenience.
I currently tutor students regularly in the UK and overseas. I believe that it is going to be the future of learning. There are even schemes to introduce online teaching to poorer families by teaching several students at once. The cost is then shared equally, allowing parents who could never afford private tuition to be able to do so. Just imagine if a scheme could be rolled out like this in the developing world. Five or so poor kids from a South African township meet up at their local church or community centre and log on to computers or even just mobile devices. They have an interactive learning experience with a teacher in the UK and it costs them almost nothing because the relatively low cost per student is subsidised by the organisation they are meeting at.
How to motivate your teen in Maths and Physics
We all know that teenagers can lack focus during the important years that they are studying for GCSEs or A-levels. What with demands from friends to socialise and attention spans shortening by the minute (with mobile phones winning first place), parents can be tempted to try to do everything for their children at this time, including making detailed revision plans and checking whether they have completed homework. But doing too much in this way can result in a loss of a sense of responsibility and ownership of the results of their decisions. I recommend a softer approach where you encourage them to reflect on the subjects that need revision and how they need to spend their revision time most effectively. As a tutor, I tend not to set specific homework for students of this age group. I prefer to guide them to relevant resources and tell them what areas they need to be looking at in more detail. In this way, they feel that they are making the decision to revise or do homework rather than having it imposed on them. I think it is only the weakest of students or possibly those with specific learning difficulties who need their study time to be monitored in fine detail. You don’t need to be an expert in each subject they are studying but knowing how the curriculum is broken down can help you be informed. To find this out, you need to download the specification from the examination board’s website. In the case of the IB Diploma, this is called the Guide – for example, Physics HL Guide. These are lengthy documents but they contain information on the material covered as well as the structure of the assessment. Especially during their study for A-levels, the students themselves are the best ones to know which areas they need to work on most. They are surprisingly good at this.
In the event that you feel that your child is not working well, I recommend that instead of making your enquiries about how their revision is going sound too intrusive, you could ask them encouraging questions such as ‘did you find that maths website useful’ or ‘is your school hosting extra revision sessions this term’.
To maintain interest in mathematics, at least at GCSE level, an appreciation of the applications of mathematics in everyday life can be very motivating. There are so many great documentaries available to watch on demand. There is the very impressive BBC documentary ‘The Story of Mathematics’ by Marcus du Sautoy. This can be found on the web. To stimulate interest in physics, there is ‘The Sky at Night’ and the great Physics Footnotes website that offers gifs and video clips demonstrating principles in physics. If you want to see how a golf ball deforms when hit by a golf club in slow motion, this is for you. News aggregate websites collate great science news clips for the general public. For example, the Apple news app allows you to choose to have relevant news items pop up in your feed.
An interest in computing can be exploited to develop their logic skills. After all, mathematics is basically the application of logic and the process of deduction. The Raspberry Pi is a tiny computer available for only about £34 that is very versatile. People learn to code with them. There are many websites that offer ideas for projects using the Raspberry Pi as the core. It has become very popular and a host of sensors and accessories are available for it. People have built their own digital radios and mobile phones with the Raspberry Pi but to start with, a less demanding project would be advisable.
The jump from A-level to university is very large so it’s best to encourage them to be self-motivators as soon as possible. I speak from experience having taken a physics degree, which is of course heavy in mathematics too. Students do have a wealth of material available on the internet now, which is a great help, so it is a good idea to encourage them to be discerning users of this wealth of information. I also think that there is subject-specific advise to give for the study of mathematics as a whole. GCSE and especially A-level students neglect the importance of good arithmetic skills. Though there is no longer a non-calculator paper in the new A-level maths syllabus, being able to check sums by estimation and work quickly and efficiently without recourse to a calculator at every step is essential for success.
Museums near London for kids who like science
For any kids into their science, the National Museum of Computing at Bletchley Park in Bedfordshire is a must. It has a replica of the Bombe built by Alan Turing during the war years to crack the Enigma Code. It also hosts a rebuilt Colossus, the first electronic computer. It also has a vast range of computer memory devices from car readers to one of the first disc drives. You can call and arrange a guided tour – which is recommended.
The National Maritime Museum has some of John Harrison’s prototype clocks used to solve the longitude problem. This is well worth a visit and is free. 
The Observatory Science Centre at Herstmonceux Castle, the former site of the Greenwich Observatory, hosts courses on astronomy, permanent exhibits on science themes and much more.
Dungeness B Visitor Centre is where you can arrange a visit to a nuclear reactor. What’s more, it is free.
Biographies of physicists worth reading
I recently read the book by Graham Farmelo about the British physicist Paul Dirac. It is called The Strangest Man. It is a well-written and touching look at the life and personality of the man who was at the heart of the development of Quantum Theory. He grew up with a dominant father who set oppressive rules for hm and his young brother to follow. The young Paul found ways to rebel silently. He won a place at a prestigious grammar school in Bristol, a city in the west of England.
” When you ask what are electrons and protons I ought to answer that this question is not a profitable one to ask and does not really have a meaning. The important thing about electrons and protons is not what they are but how they behave, how they move. I can describe the situation by comparing it to the game of chess. In chess, we have various chessmen, kings, knights, pawns and so on. If you ask what chessman is, the answer would be that it is a piece of wood, or a piece of ivory, or perhaps just a sign written on paper, or anything whatever. It does not matter. Each chessman has a characteristic way of moving and this is all that matters about it. The whole game os chess follows from this way of moving the various chessmen.”
Paul Dirac
In the background of this engaging narrative is the unfolding of the greatest human achievement of the twentieth century. At the same time, it is a very human story of a man overcoming a domineering and bullying father to become perhaps the second greatest physicist of all time.
Genius: Richard Feynman and Modern Physics describes a character almost the complete opposite of Paul Dirac. Richard Feynman is an extrovert genius in the true sense of the word. Working in secret for years on the Manhattan Project as a young man must have been an amazing experience. Richard Feynman was relentless in his search for the truth and in debunking misconceptions. He revealed the cause of the Challenger disaster in 1986 in a public press conference using the simplest of demonstrations. He also wrote the famous Feynman Lectures, and was an advocate for physics education.
GCSE maths resources
Many students going back to school in year 10 and 11 quickly realise that they are not prepared for the demands of the course – especially in mathematics. It is a demanding subject and requires discipline and a lot of practice, practice and more practice. It is essential to get into good habits early. I have some resources to recommend as well as some tips.
Don’t neglect to work on your arithmetic, both mental and written. An inability to work quickly and carefully with the basic operations of arithmetic trip up many students. They get muddled and trip up before they even start. To help, I recommend doing online practice wit a website such as www.arithmetic.zetamac.com.
Review the fundamentals before starting to try examination questions. There is no point trying examination questions until you understand the fundamentals. You will find two kinds of questions in your text book and on websites. There are ‘consolidation’ or ‘confidence-building’ exercises and actual exam type questions. If you find that your school provided text book might lack exercises in some topics. In which case, you will need to supplement your revision with some good online resources. Three of my favourite resources are below.
Poor understanding of maths vocabulary can hinder learning. I recommend reviewing GCSE maths vocabulary as a part of revision.
Ti-nspire graphing calculator resources
I use the Texas Instrument Ti-nspire pictures, which is a computer algebra system graphing calculator. Some great resources for this calculator are listed below.
http://www.johnhanna.us/TI-nspire.htm
https://learnit.hoonuit.com/2410
Year 8 and year 9 physics resource
In 2009 and 2010, I created a Google Sites website for the Key Stage 3 students that I was teaching. I hadn’t looked at the site since 2010 but then yesterday, I took a look. You might find it useful as it links to many resources.